Two types of IUDs are available: one is covered with copper, the other releases the hormone progestin. The copper-coated IUD prevents pregnancy by not allowing the sperm to fertilize the egg.
It may also make it harder for a fertilized egg to implant in the uterus. An IUD coated with progestin works in a similar way, but also thickens the cervical mucus and thins the uterine lining. In some cases, it stops ovulation the release of an egg during the monthly cycle. This prevents sperm from fertilizing the egg and implanting.
A progestin IUD also can be used to help reduce blood flow for girls who have heavy, painful periods dysmenorrhea. Both types of IUDs are very effective at preventing pregnancy.
Over the course of a year, fewer than 1 out of typical couples using an IUD will have an accidental pregnancy. The IUD is effective as soon as it is put in and it lasts a long time. A copper IUD can work for 10 years. Progestin IUDs can work for 3 to 5 years, depending on the brand.
This makes the IUD a good option for women who are not ready to start a family. Even though an IUD can stay in place for a long time, the doctor or nurse practitioner can remove it at any time.
Abstinence not having sex is the only method that always prevents pregnancy and STDs. This means that the pregnancy may settle in the fallopian tubes pathway of the egg to uterus.
This should be medically assessed urgently and treated as required. If you become pregnant while you are using an IUD, it is important that you see a doctor or nurse as soon as possible and have the IUD removed.
The doctor or nurse will also need to rule out a pregnancy in your fallopian tubes ectopic pregnancy. If the IUD is removed, you can choose to continue or terminate the pregnancy have an abortion. If the IUD is not removed and you continue with the pregnancy, there is a higher risk of losing the pregnancy or delivering the baby early. You can have an IUD inserted straight after you give birth.
IUDs are safe to use if you are breastfeeding. Read more about contraception after giving birth. There are many contraceptive methods available in Australia. When choosing the method of contraception that best suits you, it can help to talk to a doctor or nurse about your options.
Different methods may suit you at different times in your life. A doctor or nurse can give you information about:. Other methods include the contraceptive implant or injection , the vaginal ring or the combined oral contraceptive pill.
The best way to lessen the risk of STIs is to use barrier methods such as condoms for oral, vaginal and anal sex with all new sexual partners. Condoms can be used with IUDs. This page has been produced in consultation with and approved by:. In Victoria, you can have two types of abortion: surgical and medication. Both types are safe and reliable. You can have a medication abortion up to nine weeks of pregnancy. You can have a surgical abortion from around six weeks of pregnancy onwards.
Mifepristone, also called RU or the 'abortion pill', is used to terminate end a pregnancy up to nine weeks. Abortion is one of the most common and safest types of surgery in Australia. When returning to a flood-affected area, remember that wild animals, including rats, mice, snakes or spiders, may be trapped in your home, shed or garden.
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The State of Victoria and the Department of Health shall not bear any liability for reliance by any user on the materials contained on this website. Skip to main content. Sexual health. Home Sexual health. Contraception - intrauterine devices IUD. Actions for this page Listen Print. Summary Read the full fact sheet. After this, the provider:. This procedure can cause discomfort and pain, but not all women have the same side effects.
During insertion, you may feel:. Some women have cramps and backaches for 1 to 2 days after insertion. Other may have cramps and backaches for weeks or months. Over-the-counter pain relievers can ease the discomfort. An IUD can prevent pregnancy for 3 to 10 years. IUDs can also be used as an emergency contraception.
It must be inserted within 5 days of having unprotected sex. A newer type of IUD called Mirena releases a low dose of a hormone into the uterus each day for a period of 3 to 5 years.
This increases the effectiveness of the device as a birth control method. It also has the added benefits of reducing or stopping menstrual flow. It may help protect against cancer endometrial cancer in women who are at risk for developing the disease. Your provider may advise you to take an over-the-counter painkiller before getting the IUD inserted.
If you are sensitive to pain in your vagina or cervix, ask for a local anesthetic to be applied before the procedure starts. You may want to have someone drive you home after the procedure. Some women have mild cramping, low backache, and spotting for a couple of days. If you have a progestin-releasing IUD, it takes about 7 days for it to start to work. You do not need to wait to have sex. But you should use a backup form of birth control, such as a condom, for the first week. Your provider will want to see you 2 to 4 weeks after the procedure to be sure the IUD is still in place.
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